BS-Pakistan Studies
4-Year Programme

(Semester System)

Semester/Year	S.No	Course Code	Course Title	Credit Hours
Semester-I	1	ENG-	English-I (Basic Skills)	3
	2	PST-601	Pakistan Studies (Compulsory)	3
	3	PST-602	Muslim Rule in Sub-Continent (712-1526)	3
	4	PST-603	Muslim Reformist Movement in Sub  Continent	3
	5	CS-	Computer Applications-I	3
	6	PST-604	Political Parties and Pressure Groups in Pakistan	3
				18
Semester/Year	S.No	Course Code	Course Title	Credit Hours
Semester-II	1	ENG-	English-II	3
	2	ISL-	Islamic Studies	3
	3	CS-	Computer Applications-II	3
	4	PST-605	Constitutional Developments in Pakistan-I (1947-1973)	3
	5	PST-606	Political History of Pakistan (1947 to date)	3
				15
Semester/Year	S.No		Course Title	Credit Hours
Semester-III	1	ENG-	English-III	3
	2	PST-607	Economic Development in Pakistan	3
	3	PST-608	Pakistani Languages and Literature	3
	4	PST-609	Pakistan's Foreign Policy	3
	5	PST-610	Pakistani  Society  and Culture	3
	6	PST-611	Urbanization in Pakistan	3
				18
Semester/Year	S.No		Course Title	Credit Hours
Semester-IV	1	ENG-	English –IV	3
	2	STAT-601	Statistics	3
	3	PST-612	Social Change and Development in Pakistan	3
	4	PST-613	Mass Media and Communication in Pakistan	3
	5	PST-614	Muslim Struggle for Pakistan (1858-1947)	3
	6	PST-615	Balochistan: History and Politics	3
				18
Semester/Year	S.No	Course Code	Course Title	Credit Hours
Semester-V	1	PST-616	Research Methodology	3
	2	PST-617	Government and Politics in Pakistan	3
	3	PST-618	Ancient Civilizations on the Land of Pakistan-Indus Valley and Other (Compulsory)	3
	4	PST-619	Human Rights in Pakistan	3
	5	PST-620	Muslim Rule in the Sub-Continent (1526-1857)	3
				15
Semester/Year	S.No	Course Code	Course Title	Credit Hours
Semester-VI	1	PST-621	Geography and Demographic Profile of Pakistan (Compulsory)	3
	2	PST-622	Pakistan's National Security: External & Internal Dimensions	3
	3	PST-623	Women Empowerment in Pakistan	3
	4	PST-624	Issues of Pakistan's Economy	3
	5	PST-625	Local Self Government in Pakistan	3
				15
Semester/Year	S.No	Course Code	Course Title	Credit Hours
Semester-VII	1	PST-626	Crisis/Disaster Management	3
	2	PST-627	Geo-Politics of Pakistan	3
	3	PST-628	Structure and Functions of Social Institutions	3
	4	PST-629	Pak-China Relations	3
	5	PST-630	Pakistan and SAARC Countries	3
				15
Semester/Year	S.No	Course Code	Course Title	Credit Hours
Semester-VIII	1	PST-631	Environment Problems in Pakistan	3
	2	PST-632	Constitutional Developments in Pakistan-II (1973-to date)	3
	3	PST-633	Institutions in Pakistan (Judiciary, Military and Bureaucracy)	3
	4	PST-634	Pakistan Relations with Muslim World	3
	5	PST-635	Research Project (Thesis)	6
				18
			Total Credit Hours	132

 

ENG-

English-I (Basic Skills)

Credit Hours-03

Course Objectives

Enhance language skills and develop critical thinking.

Course Outline

1. Basics of Grammar
2. Parts of speech and use of articles
3. Sentence structure, active and passive voice
4. Practice in unified sentence
5. Analysis of phrase, clause and sentence structure
6. Transitive and intransitive verbs
7. Punctuation and spelling

 

Comprehension

Answers to questions on a given text

Discussion

General topics and every-day conversation (topics for discussion to be at the discretion of the teacher keeping in view the level of students)

Listening

To be improved by showing documentaries/films carefully selected by subject teachers

Translation skills

Urdu to English

Paragraph writing

Topics to be chosen at the discretion of the teacher

Presentation skills

Introduction
Note: Extensive reading is required for vocabulary building

Suggested Readings
Functional English

Grammar

1. Practical English Grammar by A. J. Thomson and A. V. Martinet. Exercises 1. Third edition. Oxford University Press. 1997.
2. Practical English Grammar by A. J. Thomson and A. V. Martinet. Exercises 2. Third edition. Oxford University Press. 1997.
1. Writing
1. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne Brinand and Francoise Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1993.

1. Reading/Comprehension
1. Reading. Upper Intermediate. Brain Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 453402 2.

 

1. Speaking

PST-601

Pakistan Studies (Compulsory)

Credit Hours-03

Course Objectives

The course framework is issue-oriented. It has many dimensions, the historical and ideological background of Pakistan the process of governance and national development as well as the issues arising in the modern, age and posing challenges to Pakistan. The course has been designed with a vision that Pakistan Studies should open a window to future.

Course Outline

Historical Perspective

1. Ideological rationale with special reference to Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
2. Factors leading to Muslim separatism
3. People and Land
4. Indus Civilization
5. Muslim advent
6. Location and Geo-Physical features.

 

Government and Politics in Pakistan
Political and constitutional phases
1947-58, 1958-71, 1971-77, 1977-88, 1988-99, 1999 onward

Contemporary Pakistan

1. Economic institutions and issues
2. Society and social structure
3. Ethnicity
4. Foreign policy of Pakistan and challenges
5. Futuristic outlook of Pakistan

Suggested Readings

1. Burki, Shahid Javed. State & Society in Pakistan, The Macmillan Press Ltd 1980.
2. Akbar, S. Zaidi. Issue in Pakistan’s Economy. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2000.
3. S.M. Burke and Lawrence Ziring. Pakistan’s Foreign policy: An Historical
4. Analysis. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1993.
5. Mehmood, Safdar. Pakistan Political Roots & Development.Lahore, 1994.
6. Wilcox, Wayne.The Emergence of Banglades., Washington: American Enterprise, Institute of Public Policy Research, 1972.
7. Mehmood, Safdar. Pakistan Kayyun Toota, Lahore: Idara-e-Saqafat-e-Islamia, Club Road, nd.
8. Amin, Tahir. Ethno - National Movement in Pakistan, Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies, Islamabad.
9. Ziring, Lawrence. Enigma of Political Development. Kent England: WmDawson & sons Ltd, 1980.
10. Zahid, Ansar. History & Culture of Sindh. Karachi: Royal Book Company, 1980.
11. Afzal, M. Rafique. Political Parties in Pakistan, Vol. I, II & III. Islamabad: National Institute of Historical and cultural Research, 1998.
12. Sayeed, Khalid Bin. The Political System of Pakistan. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1967.
13. Aziz, K.K. Party, Politics in Pakistan, Islamabad: National Commission on Historical and Cultural Research, 1976.
14. Muhammad Waseem, Pakistan Under Martial Law, Lahore: Vanguard, 1987.
15. Haq, Noor ul. Making of Pakistan: The Military Perspective. Islamabad: National Commission on Historical and Cultural Research, 1993.

 

PST-602

Muslim Rule in Subcontinent (712-1526)

Credit Hours-03

Course Objectives

1. To know about the spread of Islam in Indian.
2. To know about the role of Muslim conquerors in Indian context.
3. To apprise the students of Pakistan study regarding the ideological moorings of Pakistan.
4. To tell the students as to how the administrative system of Muslim India worked.

Course Outline

1. Muhammad bin Qasim in Sindh ….
2. Indian Society and political situation
3. Mahmood of Ghazna
4. Muhammad Ghauri and other Sultans…
5. Sultan Padshah: their duties and responsibilities
6. Administration
7. Royal cabinet, central administration Provincial and local administration
8. Economic system of Sultanate
9. Judicial system of Sultanate
10. Duties of Sadrus Sadur, court system Muhtasib and Police
11. Military system of Sultanate
12. Architecture in Delhi Sultanate
13. Sultanate… Need of Badshah and his duties
14. Central and provincial administration under Sultanate
15. Important ministers
16. Wakeely Sultanate, Dewan-e-Aala, Meer Bakhshi Sadrus Sadur
17. Land revenue, taxation, trade and commerce
18. Education system under Sultanate Religious and scientific education Education for women
19. Cultural growth
20. Literature, Music, Poetry, Painting

Suggested Readings

1. Mahajan, V. D.  &​ Savitri Mahajan. The Sultanate of Delhi. Delhi: S. Chand, 1962.
2. Siraj, Minhaj-ul. Tabkate-i-Nasiri. Vol. 1. Lahore: Urdu Science board, 2004
3. Farishta, Muhammad Qasim.  Tarikh-i-farishta. Lahore: Al-Meezan Publisher, 2008
4. Ali, K. A new history of indo-Pakistan up-to 1526.  Lahore: Urdu bazar, 1985.
5. Prasad, Ishwari. History of Medieval India. Indian Press, 1940

 

PST-603

Muslim Reformist Movements in Subcontinent

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

The course seeks to inculcate in the students of Pakistan Studies a clear understanding of the efforts made by the Muslims Ulema and Reformers for the preservation of the Muslim identity in the Sub-continent.

Course Outline

Religious Movements

1. Sheikh Ahmad Sarhandi
2. Shah Waliullah
3. Tehrik-i-Mujahideen
4. Darul-uloom- Deoband

Educational Movements

1. Aligrah Movement
2. Anjuman-i-Hamayat -i- Islam
3. Nadwah-tul-ulama
4. Sindh Madrassa tul Islam
5. Islamia College Peshawar
6. Maktab-i-Dorkhan

Political Movements

1. Muslim movements against British during 18th, 19th and 20th centuries

Regional Movements

1. Farazi Movement (Bengal)
2. Hur Movement (Sindh)
3. Khan Mahrab Khan (Balochistan)
4. Haji Sahib Tarangzai (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)
5. Khaksar and Ahrar (Punjab)
6. Rai Ahmad Khan Kharal (Punjab)

Suggested Readings

1. Ali Nadvi, Abdul-Hasan. Tarikh Dawat-o-Azmiyat. (Urdu) vol. 1 Azamgarh: Matbah Marif, 1955.
2. Manazir, Ahsan, Gilani. Tazkir-e-Shah Wali Allah. (Urdu) Karachi: Nafis Academy Karachi.
3. Akram, S. M. Mauj-a-Kausar. (Urdu) Lahore: Ferozsons,
4. Nadvi, Abul Hasan. Seerat Syed Ahmed Shahid. (Urdu) Lahore: Khuwaja Book Depot.
5. Iqbal, Allama Muhammad. Taskeel-e-Jadeed Illahiyat Islamiya. (Urdu) tr. By Nazir Niazi.
6. Nadvi, Syed Sulman. Hayat Shibli. (Urdu) Azamgarh: Maarif, 1943.
7. Mehr, Ghulam Rasul. Syed Ahmed Shaheed. Karachi: Ghulam Ali & ons.
8. Smith, W. C. Islam in Modern History. Princeton University Press, 1957.
9. H.A.R. Gibb, Modern Trends in Islam, Chicago, 1947.
10. Howrani, Albert. Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age. Chapt. V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, & XI. Oxford: 1962,
11. History of Freedom Movement, Pakistan Historical Society, Karachi 1957(Vol. I. Chapter XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX & XX) only.
12. Smith, W. C. Modern Islam in India, London, 1946,
13. Salik, Abdul Majid. Islam Aur Tahreek Tajdad (Urdu) Lahore: Matbuaah.
14. Raffat, Mazhar uddin. Hayat Jamaluddin Ifghani. (Urdu) Karachi: Nafis Academy
15. Moududi, Syed Abul Aala. Tajdid wa Ihyai Din (Urdu) Lahore: Islamic Publication.
16. Ziadeh, Nicola A. E. J. Brill. Sanusiyah-A study of a Revival Movement in Islam. 1958.
17. Balson, J.M.S. The Reforms and Religious ideas of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Lahore, 1958.
18. Khan, Dr. M. A. A History of Faraizi Movement in Bengal. Dacca.
19. Dar, B.A. Religious though of Syed Ahmed Khan. Lahore, 1957.
20. H. B. Khan Tekhrik-i-Pakistan mai Ulema Ka Kirdar.

 

CS-

Computer Applications-I

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective
This course is designed to provide you with basic concepts and techniques that will get you started in understanding and analysis of hardware and software interaction in computer systems.

Course Outline

• Basic of Computer
• Introduction and history of Computers.
• Types of Computer
• Computer Organization

 

• Computer Software
• Software Introduction
• Types of Software
• PC Platform.
• Computer Virus.

• Data Processing and Storage
• Data Processing Techniques
• Data Storage (Bit, Byte, RAM, ROM, cache Memory, Secondary Storage (FDD, HDD, Tape, CD).

 

• The Processor
• Bus, Port
• Computer Motherboard.
• Microprocessor
• Math Co-processor
• Memory Chip
• Support Chips
• Built-in programs
• Expansion Slots

• Input and Output Devices.
• Input Devices
• Keyboard and its types
• Point and Draw devices
• Scanner, Digital Camera, Speech recognition system and multimedia
• Output Devices   
• Monitor(Graphic Adopter, Size, Resolution and Types of Monitors)
• Printers and Types (Dot matrix, inkjet and laser)

 

Suggested Readings

• Person, Ron., Christopher, V. B. & Shelley O’ ara (1994). Using excel version
• 5 for windows. Indian polis: Que Corporation.
• Parsons, J.J., 2016. New Perspectives on Computer Concepts Introductory 18th Edition. Cengage learning 20 Channel Centre Street Boston, MA 02210, USA.
• Randal E. Bryant, R.E. and O' Hallaron, D.R., 2015. Computer systems: A Programmer’s Perspective. Pearson Education Press.
• Mayword, A., 2016. Microsoft Office 2016: Tips and Tricks

 

PST-604

Political Parties and Pressure Groups in Pakistan

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

This course is designed to provide proper perspective of formation of different political parties and pressure groups as and when exigencies of the time so demand. It will provide the actual motives behind their establishment, agenda and programme propagated by them and their working and achievements under given conditions.

Course Outline

• Introduction to Governance
• Political Parties, Pressure Groups and Democratization: A Theoretical View.
• Pakistan’s Political Parties: their Growth Since 1947.
• Party Classifications and Manifestos
• Political Process in Pakistan: Elections and Transfer of Power
• Public Representation in Pakistan: Role of Political and Non-political Elites
• Political Parties and Modernization
• Pressure Groups in Pakistan: their Classifications, Modes of Action and goal-Objectives.

 Suggested Readings

• A. Almond, Gabriel. and g. Bingham Powell, Comparative Politics. Lahore: Ferozsons, 1987.
• Roberts, Geoffrey K. An Introduction to Comparative Politics. London: Edward Arnold, 1986.
• Smith,Martin J. Pressure, Power and Policy. N.Y: Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1993.
• Huntington, Samuel P. Political Order in Changing Societies, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1978.
• Lapalombara. Political Parties and Political Development. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1966.
• Parry, Geraint. Political Elites. London: George Allen and Unwin, 1977.
• Duverger, Maurice. Party Politics and Pressure Groups: A Comparative
• Introduction. Ontario: Thomas Nelson, 1972.
• Castles, Francis g. Pressure Groups and Political Culture: A Comparative
• Study. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1967.
• Pye, Lucian W. Politics, Personality and Nation-Building. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1962.
• Laporte, Robert. Power and Privilege: Influence and Decision-Making inPakistan. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975.
• Sayeed, Khalid Bin. Politics in Pakistan. N.Y.: Praeger, 1980.
• Afzal, Rafique. Political Parties in Pakistan. Islamabad: National Institute of Historical and Cultural Society, 1999.
• Ahmad, Mushtaq. Government and Politics in Pakistan, Karachi: Pakistan Publishing House, 1978.
• Ziring, Lawrence. Pakistan: The Enigma of Political Development. Kent: Dawson, 1980.
• Ziring, Lawrence. Ralph Braibanti and W. Howard Wriggins (eds). Pakistan: The Long View. Durham: Duke University Press, 1977.
• Binder, Leonard. Religion and Politics in Pakistan. Berkley: University of California Press, 1967.
• Hussain,  Asaf.  Elite,  Politics  in  an  Ideological  State:  The  Case  of Pakistan. Kent: Dawson, 1979.
• Mahmood, Safdar. A Political Study of Pakistan. Lahore: Sheikh Mohammad Ashraf, 1972.
• Kukreja Veena. Contemporary Pakistan: Process, Conflicts and Crisis.
• Mehmood, Safdar. Pakistan: Political Roots and Development. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.

 

ENG-

English-II (Communication Skills)

Credit Hours-03

Objectives

To enable the students to meet their real life communication needs.

Course Outline

Paragraph writing

Practice in writing a good, unified and coherent paragraph

Essay writing

Introduction

CV and job application

Translation skills
Urdu to English

Study skills

Skimming and scanning, intensive and extensive, and speed reading, summary and précis writing and comprehension

Academic skills

Letter/memo writing, minutes of meetings, use of library and internet

Presentation skills
Personality development (emphasis on content, style and pronunciation)

Note: documentaries to be shown for discussion and review

Suggested Readings

Communication Skills

1. Grammar
1. Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson and A.V. Martinet. Exercises 2. Third edition. Oxford University Press 1986. ISBN 0 19 431350 6.

 

1. Writing
1. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Chrisitine Boutin, Suzanne Brinand and Francoise Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 019 435405 7 Pages 45-53 (note taking).

1. Mir Waliullah, “Muslim Jurisprudence and the Quranic Law of Crimes” Islamic Book Service (1982)
2. H.S. Bhatia, “Studies in Islamic Law, Religion and Society” Deep & Deep Publications New Delhi (1989)
3. Dr. Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, “Introduction to Al Sharia Al Islamia” Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad (2001)

 

CS-

Computer Applications-II

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

1.   To familiarize students with basics of computers Software's.
2.   To educate the students about the tremendous potential of computer as an instrument for   research work in a variety of disciplines.
3.   To give introduction to computer hardware and software related to discipline of Pakistan Studies.

Course Outline

Chapter I: Introduction to computer sciences
History of computer development; Uses and limitations; Basic units of personal computers (PC)

Chapter II: Introduction to Window
Basic features of windows as operating system starting up; Windows desktop; using applications; Managing files and folders; Managing the desktop; Change settings

Chapter III: Introduction to MS word
Basic features of M/S Word Menu bar and tool bars; Typing, editing formatting text; Opening, saving and closing documents; Printing, copy and past; Making tables and graphs; Numbering; Bordering the tables

Chapter IV: Introduction to MS Excel
Basic features; Introduction to spreadsheet; Menu bar and formula bar; Manipulating data in rows; columns and all entries; Applying formula Creating and formatting charts; Designing a table; Auto file and advance filter; Printing features.

Chapter V: Introduction to power Point
Methods to deliver a presentation; Preparing slides /presentation; Blank presentation; Using templates for presentation; Color scheme; Animation scheme; Data formatting; Viewing an slide show; Adding clip art to slide, insigne a should or, video file, adding animations to slides;
Printing in power point.

Suggested Readings

1. Person, Ron., Christopher, V. B. & Shelley O’ ara (1994). Using excel version
2. 5 for windows. Indian polis: Que Corporation.
3. Parsons, J.J., 2016. New Perspectives on Computer Concepts Introductory 18th Edition. Cengage learning 20 Channel Centre Street Boston, MA 02210, USA.
4. Randal E. Bryant, R.E. and O' Hallaron, D.R., 2015. Computer systems: A Programmer’s Perspective. Pearson Education Press.
5. Mayword, A., 2016. Microsoft Office 2016: Tips and Tricks

 

 

 

PST-605

Constitutional Development in Pakistan (1947 to date)

Credit Hours-03

 

Objectives

To enable the students:

1. To understand the constitutional and political issues and problems of Pakistan
2. To know about making and features of the 1956, 1962 and 1973 constitution.
3. To analyse various amendments in the 1973 constitution.

 

Course Outline

1. Administrative and Political Problems
2. Indian Independence Act, 1947
3. Interim Constitution, 1947
4. First Constituent Assembly, 1947-54
5. Major Constitutional Issues
6. Political Process and Development, 1947-54
7. Dissolution of the First Constituent Assembly and the Court Cases
8. Second Constituent Assembly, 1955-56
9. One Unit Scheme
10. 1956 Constitution: Salient Features
11. Working of The Parliamentary System, 1947-58
12. Imposition of Martial Law, 1958
13. Ayub Regime: Administration and Major Policies
14. 1962 Constitution: Salient Features
15. Struggle for Parliamentary Democracy and fall of Ayub Khan
16. Yahya Regime: The Legal Frame Work Order, 1970 and 1970 election
17. East Pakistan Crisis and Emergence of Bangladesh.
18. The 1973 constitution and amendments in it.

 

Suggested Readings

1. Rizvi, Hasan Askari. Military and Politics in Pakistan 1947-199. Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publication, 2000.

 

1. Rizvi, Hasan Askari. Military, State and Society in Pakistan. Lahore, 2002.
2. Islam, Fakhr-ul, Constitution Development in Pakistan. Pakistan Study Centre, University of Peshawar, 2018.

1. Feldman, Herbert. From Crisis to Crisis. London: Oxford University Press, 1972.
2. Feldman, Herbert. Revolution in Pakistan. London: Oxford University Press, 1964.

 

1. Sayeed, Khalid Bin. Politics in Pakistan: Nature and Direction of Change. np. nd.

1. Sayeed, Khalid Bin. The Political System of Pakistan. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1967.
2. Ziring, Lawrence. Pakistan in the 20th Century: A Political History.

Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1997.

1. Ziring, Lawrence. Pakistan: Enigma of Political Development. West View, 1980.

1. Afzal, M. Rafique Political Parties in Pakistan. vol. I, II & III, Islamabad: National Commission on Historical and Cultural Research, 1999.

 

1. Shafqat, Saeed. Political System of Pakistan and Public Policy. Lahore: Progressive Publisher, 1989.
2. Burki, Shahid Javed. A Revisionist History of Pakistan. Lahore: Vanguard, 1998.

Suggested Readings

1. Keith Callard, Pakistan: A Political Study, 1957.
2. Lawrence Ziring, Pakistan in the Twentieth Century, Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1997
3. G. W. Choudhary, Constitutional Development in Pakistan, Longman Group Ltd., London, 1969
4. S. M. Burke, Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: An Historical Analysis, Karachi, OUP, 1966 (latest edition)
5. Hasan Askari Rizvi, The Military and Politics in Pakistan, Lahore, 1974 (latest edition)
6. Herbert Feldman, Revolution in Pakistan, OUP, 1967
7. ----------, From Crisis to Crisis, Karachi, OUP, 1972
8. Ayesha Jalal, Democracy & Authoritarianism in South Asia, Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publications, 1995
9. Shahid Javed Burki, Pakistan Under Bhutto, The Macmillan, 1980
10. Charles Kennedy (Ed.), Pakistan 2005, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2006
11. Safdar Mahmood, Pakistan: Political Roots and Development 1947-1999, Oxford University Press, Karachi, 2000
12. Anwar Syed, Issues and Realities of Pakistani Politics, Research Society of Pakistan, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 2007
13. M. Asghar Khan, We have Learnt Nothing from History: Pakistan Politics and Military Power, Karachi, Oxford University Press, 2007
14. Islam, Fakhr-ul, Pakistan: History, Politics and Constitution. Frontier Research and Development Institute Peshawar, 2011.
15. Charles Kennedy, Islamization of Laws and Economy: Case Study on Pakistan, Institute of Policy Studies, Islamabad, 1996
16. Ian Talbot, Pakistan: Modern History, Lahore, Vanguard, 1999
17. Muhammad Waseem, Democratization in Pakistan: A Study of the 2002 Elections, Lahore, Oxford University Press, 2007.

 

ENG-

English-III (Technical Writing and Presentation Skills)

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

To enhance language skills and develop critical thinking

 

Course Outline

Presentation skills

Essay writing

Descriptive, narrative, discursive, argumentative

Academic writing

1. How to write a proposal for research paper/term paper
2. How to write a research paper/term paper (emphasis on style, content, language, form, clarity, consistency)

 

Technical Report writing

Progress report writing

Note: Extensive reading is required for vocabulary building

Suggested Readings

Technical Writing and Presentation Skills

1. Essay Writing and Academic Writing
2. Writing. Advanced by Ron White. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 435407 3 (particularly suitable for discursive, descriptive, argumentative and report writing).
3. College Writing Skills by John Langan. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. 2004.
4. Patterns of College Writing (4th edition) by Laurie G. Kirszner and Stephen R. Mandell. St. Martin’s Press.

 

Presentation Skills
Reading
The Mercury Reader. A Custom Publication. Compiled by northern Illinois University. General Editors: Janice Neulib; Kathleen Shine Cain; Stephen Ruffus and Maurice Scharton. (A reader which will give students exposure to the best of twentieth century literature, without taxing the taste of engineering students).

 

PST-607

Economic Development in Pakistan

Credit Hours-03

 

 

Course Objective

 

To enable the students to understand various dimensions of Pakistan economy and assess the economic growth over the last seventy years.

Course Outcomes

Students will be able to:

• Understand key terms and concepts of economics
• Identify the various economic institutions and their role in the growth of the economy of Pakistan

 

• Identify the major economic issues and how they affect the economic development of Pakistan

Course Outline

Economics

• Key economic terms
• Key economic concepts

 

The economic system of Pakistan

• Basic economic systems (socialist, capitalist and mixed)
• Basic features of Pakistan’s economy and infrastructure.

 

Economic Development in Pakistan

Obstacles in the way of economic development in Pakistan.

• Factors promoting economic development in Pakistan
• Human resource development
• Agriculture development in Pakistan and reforms
• Industrial development in Pakistan and labour trade unions
• Role of informal sector
• External determinants of Pakistan’s economy

Economic Planning in Pakistan.

• The first, second and third five-year plans.
• Pakistan’s development planning experience during the short term planning period: 1970-77
• Development planning of Pakistan during the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eight,five-year plans.

 

Suggested Readings

• H. Gardezi and Jamil Rashid, Pakistan: The Unstable State. Lahore: Vanguard Books, 1983.
• Khan, Shahrukh Rafi. 50 Years of Pakistan's Economy: Traditional Topics and
• Contemporary Concerns. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1999.

• Nabi, Ijaz. Agarian Economy of Pakistan: Issues and Policies. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1986.
• Govt. of Pakistan, Annual Report 2002-2003: Review of Economy, State Bank of Pakistan. 2003.
• Haque, Irfan-Ul. Compendium of Pakistan Economy. Karachi: Royal Book Company, 1987.
• S. M., Huda, Economic Development of Pakistan: From Self Reliance toDebt Ridden Economy. Karachi: Royal Book Company, 1996

• Saeed Khawaja, Amjad. Economy of Pakistan 2000-2001. Karachi: Institute of Business Management , 2001
• Uzair, Mohammad. Economy of Pakistan: Perspective and Problems. Lahore: Royal book Company, 2004.

• Ahmad, Khurshid. Elimination of Riba from the Economy. Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies, 1995.
• Willaim E, James. Foundations of Pakistan Political Economy: Towardsan Agenda for the 1990s. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1992.

• Akbar Zaidi, S, Issues in Pakistan's Economy. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1999.
• Government of Pakistan, Leading Issues Facing Pakistan Economy, State Bank of Pakistan. 2003.

• Husain, Ishrat. Pakistan: The Economy of an Elitist State. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1999.

 

PST-608

Pakistani Languages and Literature

Credit Hours-03

 

Course Objective

 

This course seeks to acquaint students with the basic facts regarding different languages spoken by the people of Pakistan and to a more in depth study of the national and provincial languages.

Course Outline

Importance of language

Origin and Development of the following languages
Urdu, Balochi, Pushto and Brahvi
Literature, prose and poetry

A choice of one classical and one contemporary poet and author in the following languages: Urdu, Sindhi, Punjabi, Balochi and Pushto focusing on comparisons between them.

Language and Nationalism

Regional languages (Brahvi, Balochi, Pushto and Urdu)

Suggested Readings

1. Rehman, Tariq. Language and Politics in Pakistan.
2. Zahoor Shah Hashmi, Balochi Zuban o Adab Ki Mukhtasar Tarikh.

1. Syed, Anwar. Urdu Adab Ki Tehrike. (Urdu), np. nd.
2. Abdul Haq, Maulvi. Urdu Ki Ibtadai Nashunama Mein Soffia-ey Karam Ka Hissa. (Urdu), np. nd.
3. Brahvi Abdul Rehman. Brahvi Zaban wa Adab.
4. Prof. Muhammad Tahir Nawaz. Rohi Adab
5. Dr. Farman Fatapuri. Urdu Nasar Ka Fani irtiqa
6. Adab o Sakafat wadi-e-Bolan main, Adera Sakafat.
7. Ganow Abdul Ghani. Babar Pashto or Pashtonkhowa.

 

PST-609

Pakistan’s Foreign Policy

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

 

This course is designed to familiarize the students with the basic principles and objectives of the foreign policy of Pakistan and different conduct of Pakistan foreign policy from 1947 to to -date.The course in expected to ensure the students:

1. are fully acquainted with versed in the conduct of Pakistan policies
2. are able to comprehend the complexities of global politics
3. have a broader view in understanding the new dynamic changes in the political system.
4. have developed strong negotiating skills
5. are able to carry out advanced research in the discipline of foreign relations

 

Course Outline

1. Foreign Policy: Basic concepts and trends
2. Major Determinants of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy
3. Geo-political and geo-strategic position of Pakistan
4. National interests:
1. Vital: survival, security, economic development and ideology
2. Secondary: friendship and cooperation, trade and economic assistance
5. Phases in Pakistan’s Foreign Policy

 

Phase I: 1947-54
Events: Early Problems; Pakistan’s conflicts with India; Early Sentimentalism, National Outlook.
Policy-makers and their profiles: Quaid-i-Azam and Liaquat Ali Khan

Policies: Neutrality with reliance on Britain (Bilateralism); Pursuit of pan-Islamic unity.

Phase II: 1954-62

Events: Cold War; Suez Crisis; Priority fixation in foreign policy (Ayub Period); Sino-Indian war.

Policy-makers and their profiles: Malik Ghulam Mohammad; Major General Iskandar Mirza and Ayub Khan.Policies: Alignment with the West (Policy of Alliances); revised policy of

alliance: (Bilateralism with U.S.A.); Offers of peace to India; Indus Basin Treaty; Leaning towards China.
Phase III: 1962-71
Events: Tilt in Power-balance in South Asia (China versus India); softened Soviet -American Responses (War of 1965); Pakistan’s Dismemberment.

Profiles of the sole policy makers: General Ayub Khan and Z.A. Bhutto

Policies: RCD (a miniature Pan-Islamic nucleus); Resistance to India in the wars of 1965 and 1971; peace through Tashkent Declaration, border agreement with China

Phase IV: 1971-79

Events: Post-dismemberment period; Tilt of balance in India’s favour; India’s first nuclear test
Policy-makers and their profiles: Z.A. Bhutto and General Zia ul Haq Policies: Simla Agreement (bilateralism with India); Nuclear Policy; Non-Alignment; enhanced Sino-Pak cooperation.

 

Phase V: 1979-88

Events:  Iranian  Revolution;  Soviet  Military  and  occupation  of Afghanistan; Religious Fervour in the region (e.g.: Sectarianism & rise of Hindu Fanaticism in India); Siachin Issue; Soviet dismemberment; end of the Cold War.

Policy-Maker and his Profile: Ziaul Haq and his religiosity.

Policies: ECO; OIC SAARC; NAM Front-Line Status of Pakistan; Support to the US- Sponsored proxy war against the Soviet Union.

Major Issues in Pakistan’s Foreign Policy

1. Kashmir issue
2. Security compulsions
3. India’s hegemonies and Pakistan’s pursuit for self-survival
4. Minimum conventional and nuclear balance with India
5. Economic self-sufficiency

 

Suggested Readings

 

1. Ahmad, Javeed (ed). Pakistan’s Political, Economic and Diplomatic Dynamics. Lahore: Studio 4, 1999.
2. Ahmar, Moonis (ed). Internal and External Dynamics of South Asian Security, Karachi,1998.

1. Hasnat, Syed Farooq and Pelinka (ed). Security for the Weak Nations. Lahore: Izharsons, 1986.

 

1. Hussain, Arif. Pakistan: Its Ideology and Foreign Policy. London: Frank Cass, 1966.

1. Hussain, Irtiza. Strategic dimensions of Pakistan’s Foreign Policy. Lahore: Progressive Publishers, 1989.
2. Malik, Hafeez. Soviet-American Relations with Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan. London: Macmillan, 1994.

 

1. Nawaz, Shamsa, India’s Nuclear Programme, Lahore: Progressive Publishers, 1985.

1. Palmer, Norman D. South Asia and United States Policy. N.Y: Houghton Mifflin, 1996.
2. Qureshi, Ejaz Aslam (ed.). Pakistan and South Asian Environmental. Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publishing, 1991.

 

1. Rizvi, Hasan Askari. Internal Subversion and External Security. Lahore: 1981.

1. Shah, Mahtab Ali. The Foreign Policy of Pakistan, Ethnic Impact on Diplomacy, 1947-1994. London: I.B. Tauris, 1997.
2. Shahi, Agha. and Hamid H. Kizalbash (ed.). Pakistan’s Security and Foreign Policy. Lahore: Progressive Publishers, 1988.

 

1. Shahid, M. Imtiaz (ed.). Contemporary Affairs. Lahore: Caravan Enterprises, 2001.
2. Shelton, U. Kodikara (ed.). External Compulsions of South Asian Politics. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1993
3. Siddiqui, Aslam. Pakistan Seeks Security. London: Longman Green, 1960.
4. Syed, Anwar H. China and Pakistan: diplomacy of Entente Cordiale.
5. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1974.
6. Wayne, A. Wilcox. India, Pakistan and Rise of China. N.Y: Walker, 1964.
7. Yunus, Mohammad. Foreign Policy: A Theoretical Introduction. Kacachi: Oxford University Press, 2003.
8. Ziring, Lawrence. Pakistan: The Enigma of Political Development, Kent: Wm Dawson & Sons, 1980.
9. Ziring, Lawrence. Pakistan in the 20th century: A Political History. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1997.

 

PST-610

PAKISTANI SOCIETY AND CULTURE

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective
The focus of this course is on the society and culture of Pakistan. It discusses the evolution and growth of societal norms and cultural patterns and highlights the multiplicity and diversity of Pakistani society and culture. After studying this course, the students will be able to:

1. Comprehend the basis of Pakistani society and culture
2. Appreciate the cultural diversity of Pakistan
3. Understand the conflict between modern and transitional values

Course Outline

Society and Culture: Introduction

1. Social systems and levels of social organization. The individual and social organization. The group structure of society. Basic patterns of social organization.
2. The concept of culture. The impact of culture. Cultural diversity. Cultural adaptation and changes. Sub-culture. Ethnocentrism and cultural relativism

Stratification and social change

1. Strata and classes. Inequality. Status and lifestyle. Social mobility. Class and society. Traditional society versus modern society. Transformation process of society from traditionalism to modernization. Different perspectives regarding modernization.

Culture Institutions

1. Family. Religion, Economic and Political Institutions
2. Pakistan Society
3. Approaches to the study of the society. Social stratification. Class and caste. Inequality. Status. Social mobility. Baradari and tribal system. Rural and urban society.

Pakistani Culture

1. Main Cultures of Pakistan. (the Punjab, the NWFP, Sind, and Baluchistan). Unity in diversity.

Modernization and its impact on society

1. Urbanization. Impact of urbanization. Internal and international migration. Positive and negative factors. Impact of migration on society. Agriculture modernization and its impact on social system in rural areas. Role of communication. Education and elites in social change. Industrialization and technology and its impact on society.

Social problems.

1. Poverty. Old Age. Prejudice. Unemployment. Drug Peddling. Crime. Feuds. Inequality. Family. Conservatism. Status of women.

National identity

1. Forces and factors of national integration. Question of nationalities and ethnicity. Crisis of cultural identity.

Suggested Readings

1. Qureshi, I.H. The Pakistani Way of Life. Karachi: Royal Book Depot, 2003.
2. Azam, Ikram. Pakistan's National Culture and Character. Amir Publications, 1980.
3.  Jan Muhammad. The Baloch Cultural Heritage.

PST-611

Urbanization in Pakistan

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

To enable the students to know about the phenomena of urbanization in Pakistan, its cause and consequences

Course Outline

1. Meaning, definition and basic aspects
2. Process of urbanization in Pakistan
3. Causes of Urbanization
4. Regional variations in Urbanization
5. Urban Fringe and slums
6. Pattern of growth of cities
7. Impact of Urbanization on Rural areas
8. Problems of Urbanization
9. Urban Planning in Pakistan

Suggested Readings

1. A. R. Kemal, Mohammad Irfan and Naushin Mahmud (eds.) Population of Pakistan: An analysis of 1998 population and Housing census. Pakistan Instituteof Development Economic, 2003.
2. Scholz, Fred, “Urbanisation in the Third World – A Case of Pakistan”, Applied Geography and Development, Vol. 21, 1983.
3. G. M. Arif, Sabiha Ibrahim and Tauseef Ahmed The Process of Urbanisation in Pakistan, 1951–98 [with comments] The Pakistan Development Review, Winter 1998,Vol. 37, No.4 Part II
4. Arif Hasan, The scale and causes of urban change in Pakistan , Ushba Publishing Inter. Karachi,2006.
5. Herbert John D. Urban Development in the Third World: Policy Guidelines. Praeger Publishers, New York, 1979.
6. Selier, J. M., Rural Urban Migration in Pakistan Vanguard Books, 1998.
7. Alvi, Imtiaz, Informal Sector in Urban Economy: Low Income housing in Lahore, Oxford University Press, 1997
8. Balooch, S.D., Human Settlements in Pakistan: A Survey of Urban Sprawl of Islamabad, LAP Lambart Academic Publishing, 2012.

 

ENG-

English-IV

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

To introduce corrective measures to eliminate grammatical errors in speaking and writing. Theoretical and conceptual understanding of the elements of grammar.
To enhance the learners’ ability of communicating accurately and fluently

Course Outline

Unit I
Introduction to grammar (what is grammar, its importance etc); different approaches to  grammar: traditional, generative, transformative, and communicative.

Unit II
Articles & determiners. Forms & functions of nouns, pronouns, prepositions.
Unit III
Verbs (transitive & intransitive, regular & irregular), tense & aspect, auxiliaries (primary & modal), negatives, questions, agreement & concord.

Unit IV
Forms & functions of  adjectives, adverbs, agreement & concord.

Suggested Readings

1. Leech, G. & J. Svartvik (2002) A Communicative Grammar of English. Pearson, India.
2. Pandey J. H. (2008) CompleteGrammar, Shree Book Centre, Mumbai, India.
3. Murphy, R. (2009) Intermediate English Grammar, Cambridge Univ. Press, India.
4. Hewings, M. (2011) Advanced English Grammar Cambridge Univ. Press, India.
5. Wren, P. C. & H. Martin (2000) High School English Grammar and Composition, S. Chand & Co, New Delhi.

 

STAT-601

Statistics

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

 

This is an introductory course in statistics. Students are introduced to the fundamental concepts involved in using sample data to make inferences about populations.

Course Outline

The nature and scope of the Statistics. Organizing of Data, classification of data, Graphs and Charts: Stem-and leaf diagram, Box and Whisker plots and their interpretation. Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion: Their properties, usage, limitations and comparison. Calculations for the ungrouped and grouped data. Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis and Distribution shapes. Probability Concepts, Addition and Multiplication rules, Bivariate frequency tables, joint and marginal probabilities, Conditional probability and independence, Bayes’ rule.

 

Suggested Readings

1. Spiegel, M.R., Schiller, J.L. and Sirinivasan, R.L. (2000) “Probability and Statistics”, 2nd ed. Schaums Outlines Series. McGraw Hill. NY.
2. Clark, G.M and Cooke, D. (1998), “A Basic Course in Statistics” 4th ed, Arnold, London.
3. Walpole, R.E., Myers, R.H and Myers, S.L. (1998), “Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientist” 6th edition, Prentice Hall, NY.
4. Mclave, J.T., Benson, P.G. and Snitch, T. (2005) “Statistics for Business & Economics” 9th ed.Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
5. Weiss, N,A.(1997), “Introductory Statistics” 4th ed. Addison-Wesley Pub. Company, Inc.
6. Chaudhry, S.M.and Kamal, S. (1996), “Introduction to Statistical Theory” Parts I & II, 6th ed, Ilmi Kitab Khana, Lahore, Pakistan.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

PST-612

Social Change and Development in Pakistan

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

 

This course will introduce students to the key concepts and theories of social change and development. It will also facilitate understanding of the factors influencing social change and the main effects of social change in Pakistan.

Course Outline

Social Change

1. Concept of Social Change
2. Concept of Development

 

Theories of social change and development

1. Classical theories: Herbert Spencer, Oswald Spangler, Karl Marx, Max Weber and Ibn-i Khaldun.
2. Modern Theories: Talcott Parsons, Wright Mills.
3. Development Theories: W. W. Rostow, S. P. Huntington.

 

Evolution of Mass Media and Communication

1. Conventional (prior to scientific revolution)
2. Modern Information and communication technologies

 

Development of Mass Communication

1. Print Media
2. Electronic Media
3. Social Media

 

Mass Media in Pakistan: Problems and Prospects

1. Major developments of the Press in Pakistan
2. Growth and expansion of information communication technologies: radio, television, internet in Pakistan
3. Yellow journalism

 

Laws and Regulation of Mass media in Pakistan

1. Censorship
2. Freedom of Information Act 2002
3. Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority (PEMRA) Ordinance 2002: Salient features

 

Role of Mass Media in Pakistan

1. Information
2. Formation of public opinion (eg. Information provision, Propaganda, psychological warfare)
3. Promotion of National and international understanding and integration
4. Entertainment

 

Suggested Readings

1. Khurshid, Abdus Salam. Journalism in Pakistan
2. French, David and Richard Michael. Television in contemporary Asia. UK: Sage Publications. 2000.
3. Hassan Jawad and Syed Ali Hadi. Media and Mass communications laws in Pakistan. Lahore: Haji Hanif Printers. 2004.
4. Syed, M. H. Mass media in the new world order. New Delhi: Anmol Publications Pvt Ltd. (2006).
5. Siddiqui, Idrees. Radio – Journalism in Pakistan. Lahore: Ferozsons, 1991.
6. Francois, William E. An Introduction to Mass Communication & Mass Media.
7. Jabbar, Javed. Media Laws in Pakistan, Karachi: Royal Books, 1999.
8. Aziz, Yousaf. Prospects and promotion of mass media in Pakistan… 2003.
9. Khurshid, Abdus Salam. Journalism in Pakistan. Lahore: United Publishers
10. Niazi, Zamir. The Press in Chains….
11. Hassan, Mehdi. Mass media in Pakistan. Aziz Publishers: Lahore. 2001.
12. Jhaulundhary, Shafiq. Sahafat Aur Iblagh. 10th Edition. Lahore: Ali Ejaz Printers. 2008.
13. Hussain, Muhammad Shahid. Iblaghiat. New Delhi: Education Publication House. 2004.

 

PST-614

Muslims Struggle for Pakistan (1857-1947)

Credit Hours-03

 

Course Objective

This course introduces students about the historical background of the creation of Pakistan. It focuses on major historical events both national and international and their impact.

Course Outline

The War of Independence of 1857 and its impact

1. British, Hindu and Muslim responses
2. Rise of Aligarh Movement and Muslim nationalism
3. Foundation of Congress
4. Muslim response to Congress
5. Urdu-Hindi controversy
6. Muslim Political Organizations (1858-1947)

The Simla Deputation and foundation of Muslim League

1. Partition of Bengal and Hindu - Muslim response
2. Simla Deputation and its demands
3. All-India Muslim League: establishment, aims and objectives and its evolution (1906-1913)
4. Minto-Morley Reforms 1909

Lucknow Pact (1916)

1. Background
2. Quaid-i-Azam’s role
3. The Pact: Clauses and Analysis

Khilafat Movement

1. Background (Impact of World War 1)
2. Birth, growth and decline of the Khilafat Movement
3. Civil Disobedience and Non-Cooperation Movements
4. Strengthening the extremist attitudes in the Hindu and Muslim Politics with special reference to Hijrat, Shuddhi, Sangathan and Hindu Mahasabha

Nehru Report and Quaid-i-Azam’s Fourteen Points

1. Background (The Delhi Muslim Proposals and Simon Commission)
2. Nehru Report: Salient features
3. Quaid-i-Azam’s efforts for Hindu-Muslim unity
4. Quaid-i-Azam’s Fourteen Points and the Congress reaction
5. Government of India Act 1919

Muslim Nationalism

1. Allama Iqbal’s Allahabad Address (1930)
2. Round Table Conference (Focus on views of Quaid-i-Azam, Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Chaudhry Rehmat Ali) and the Communal Award
3. Government of India Act 1935: Salient Features
4. Elections of 1937: Comparison of Unionist Party, Muslim League and non-Muslim parties Jinnah-Sikandar Pact
5. The Formation, Functions and impact of Congress Ministries (1937-1939)

The Lahore Resolution and the Emergence of Pakistan (1940-1947)

1. Text and Significance of the Lahore Resolution (1940)
2. Cripps Mission 1942
3. Simla Conference 1945
4. Elections 1945-46
5. Cabinet Mission Plan 1946
6. Interim Government, London Conference 1946
7. 3rd June Plan and the Indian Independence Act 1947

 

Quaid-i-Azam’s role in the making of Pakistan

Suggested Readings

1. Ahmed, Jamil-ud-din. (1976) Creation of Pakistan. Lahore: United Publishers.
2. K. K. Aziz. (1976). Making of Pakistan: A Study in Nationalism. Islamabad: National Book Foundation.
3. Ikram, S. M. Modern Muslim India and the Birth of Pakistan. (1970) Lahore: Sheikh Muhammad Ashraf, Kasmiri Bazar.
4. Iqbal, Javed. Ideology of Pakistan. Lahore: Feroze Sons Ltd. 1971.
5. Sayeed, Khalid Bin. (2003) Pakistan the Formative Phase. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
6. Stephen, Philip Cohen. (2005) The Idea of Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
7. Malik, Hafeez. Rise of Muslim Nationalism in India, Lahore: Vanguard Publishers.
8. Qureshi, I. H. The Struggle for Pakistan. (1969) Karachi: University of Karachi Press.
9. Riaz, Hasan. Pakistan Naguzeer Tha, (Urdu). Karachi: University of Karachi Press, nd.
10. Abid, S. Q. (2007). A Muslim Struggle for Independence: Sir Syed to
11. Muhammad Ali Jinnah. Lahore: Sang-i-Meel.
12. Azad, Abulkalam. India Wins Freedom. (1960) New York: Longmans, Green.
13. Ahmad, Aziz. Islamic Modernism in India and Pakistan 1857-1964. London: Oxford University Press, 1967.
14. Hameed, Abdul. Muslim Separatism in India. London: Oxford University Press.
15. Hodson, H. W. The Great Divide: Britain – India – Pakistan.(2001) Karachi: Oxford University Press.
16. Haroon Rashid. Successful Culmination of Pakistan.

 

PST-615

Balochistan: History and Politics

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

The aim of the course is to enable the students to know about the history, politics and other development in Balochistan.

Course Outline

• The Origin and evaluation of Baloch, Pashton & Brahui
• Creation of the Province
• British Raj and Balochistan
• History & Politics of British Balochistan
• The Role of Balochistan in Freedom Movement
• Government and Politics before One Unit
• Provincial Ministries

Suggested Readings

• Aziz Bugti, Balochistan Shaksiat K Ainy main.
• Gul Khan Naseer. Tarikh Balochistan.
• Naseer Gul Khan. Balochistan Ki Khan Shairon Ki Zuban.
• Akhtar Baloch. Balochistan Shaksiat ky Ainy main.
• Spain, J.W. The Pathan Borderland, Karachi: Indus Publications, 1963.
• Talbot, Ian. Provincial Politics and the Pakistan Movement: The Growth of the Muslim League in North-West and North-East India, 1937-47. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1988.

 

PST-616

Research Methodology

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

 

The purpose of this course is to train the students in modern research techniques. Having gone through the course the students will be able to:

• apply research techniques to Social Sciences
• know the methodology of data collection and analysis
• prepare research proposals

Course Outline

Introduction

• Definition, importance and scope of research: Primary and Secondary sources.

 

PST-618

Ancient Civilizations on the Land of Pakistan- Indus Valley and other

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

This course will enable the students to know about the ancient civilizations flourished in the area now-a-day constitute Pakistan.

Course Outline
Introduction

• Terminology
• Environmental background
• Discovery of the Indus Civilization
• Present state of research on Indus Valley

Early Indus Period (from Mehrgarh to the rise of Mature Indus Period)

• Distribution of settlements (Amrian / Kot Dijian / Sothi / Ravian)
• Development of art and architecture
• Major settlements of Early-Indus Civilization

Mature Indus Period

• Settlement pattern
• Art and Architecture
• Town Planning
• Seals
• Arts and crafts
• Script
• Trade relations
• Decline of the Indus Civilization
• New perspectives

Harappa Culture

• Settlement pattern
• Art and Architecture
• Town Planning
• Decline of Harappa

Gandhara Civilization

Gandhara is the region that now comprises Peshawar valley, Mardan, Swat, Dir, Malakand, and Bajuaur agencies in the North-West Frontier Province (NWFP), Taxila in the Punjab, and up to Jalalabad in Afghanistan. It is in this region that the Gandhara civilization emerged and became the cradle of Buddhism. It was from here that Buddhism spread towards east as far away as Japan and Korea.

Introduction

• Historical geography of Gandhara
• Synthesis of cross-cultural currents and the emergence of Gandhara Civilization

Religion of Gandhara

• Buddhism
• Life and teachings of the Buddha
• Spread of Buddhism in Gandhara and adjacent regions

Arts

• Sculptural Art
• Painting
• Rock Art: Carvings and Engravings

Architecture

• Religious Architecture: Stupa, Monastery
• Settlements and Forts

Decline

• Decline of the Gandhara Civilization

Other Civilizations

Mesopotamian Civilization

• Environmental background
• Chronology (3500–600 BC)
• Socio-political set-up of the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians and Chaldeans
• Various aspects of civilization: art, architecture, writing, seals, religion and economy

Egyptian Civilization

• Egypt: geophysical history and its impact on local cultures
• Art and architecture
• Religion
• Writing system
• Contribution to literature, science, philosophy, medicine

Chinese Civilization

• Shang Dynasty
• Chou Dynasty
• Chen Dynasty
• Art and architecture
• Contributions to philosophy

Greek Civilisation

• Origin and development of the Greek Civilisation
• Origin of city states
• Hellenic and Hellenistic phases
• Art and architecture
• Literature
• Philosophy
• Science

Suggested Readings

• Allchin B, and Allcin R. The Birth of Indian Civilization, London: 1968.
• Allchin B, and Allcin R. The Rise of the Civilization in Pakistan and India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982.

• Allchin, F.R. Lewan and the Bannu Basin. Beolithic Cattle-Keepers of South India. Oxford, 1986.
• Allchin, F.R., Allchin, B., Durrani F.A. and Khan, F. Lewan and the Bannu Basin, Great Britian. 1986.

• Asthana, S. Pre-Harappan Cultures of India and the Borderlands. New Delhi: 1985.

• Chakrabatri, D.K. The external of the Indus Civilization. Delhi: 1990.
• Dales, G.F. and Konoyer M. Excavations at Moenjodaro, Pakistan the Pottery Pennsylvania: 1986.
• Dani, A.H. Indus Civilization – New Perspective Islamabad: 1981.
• Fairservis, W.A. The Roots of Ancient India, 2nd ed., Chicago: 1975.
• Gupta, S.P. Archaeology of Soviet Central Asia and the Indian Borderland, vol. I & II, Delhi: 1979.

• Masrshal, J. Moenhodaro and the Indus Civilization. London, 1943.
• Mughal, M.R. Ancient Cholistan. Lahore, 1998.
• Mughal, R. Present Stage of Research on the Indus Valley Civilization. Karachi: 1973.
• Wheeler, R.E.M. The Indus Civilization. 3rd ed., Cambridge: 1968.
• Burgess, J. The Ancient Monuments, Temples and Sculptures of India. 2 vols., London: 1897-1911.

• Coomaraswamy, A.K. History of Indian and Indonesian Art. London, 1927.

• Cribb, J and Errington, E., eds., The Crossroads of Asia. 1992.

• Dani, A.H. Gandhara Art of Pakistan, Peshawar, 1968.
• Elphinstone, M. An Account of the Kingdom of Caubul. 2 vols., rpt. Karachi, 1972

• Fergusson, J. History of Indian and Eastern Architecture. London, 1891.
• Foucher, A. Notes on the Ancient Geography of Gandhara. Calcutta, 1915.

• Ghirshman, R. Iran from the Earliest Time to the Islamic Conquest. London, 1954.
• Goetz, H., Five Thousand Years of Indian Art. New York, 1959.
• Hall, J. Illustrated Dictionary of Symbols in Eastern and Western Art. London, 1994, rpt. 1995.

 

PST-619

Human Rights in Pakistan

Credit Hours-03

 

Course Objective

This subject concentrates on the nature of the human rights, and endeavors to understand the human rights environment in Pakistan. It guides the students to go through various concepts regarding human rights, according to historical traditions, global norms and the UN Declarations.

Course Outline

Conceptual Foundation of Human Rights

1. What are Human Rights? Definition and explanation of Human Rights
2. Significance and importance
3. Rights and responsibilities at national and Global levels
4. Islamic concepts of Human Rights

Fundamental Rights in the Constitution of Pakistan

Safeguards of Human rights under international law.

1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
2. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
3. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)
4. Child Rights Convention (CRC)
5. Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)

Ensuring Participation, Promotion and Protection of Human Right

in Pakistan

1. Governmental (Ministry of Human Right and Judiciary)
2. Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO’s) National and International
3. Individuals

Human Rights in Pakistan: Causes and issues

Causes

1. Lack of awareness
2. Cultural impediments
3. Economic disparities
4. Lack of implementation of Human Rights

Effects

1. Gender inequality
2. Lack of child Protection
3. Social injustice

Suggested Readings

1. Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, State of Human Rights in Pakistan (1994 – 2000).
2. Brownlie, Ian. (ed.) Human Rights in the 21st century.
3. Davis, Peter. (ed.) Human Rights London, 1997.
4. Khutba-e-Hajja-tul-Wida

 

 

PST-623

Women Empowerment in Pakistan

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

Keeping in view the international and Islamic perspectives the course discusses such issues as the gender bias in the society, female education, health and employment, political participation of women and the process of Islamization in Pakistan.

Course Outline

The Cultural and Legal Status of Women

1. Women’s Status in Islam
2. Legal status of women in Pakistan
3. International Conventions: Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)
4. Cultural Status of women

Women Political Participation in Pakistan(w3p)

1. Women in Pakistan Movement
2. Women Political Leaders: Past & Present
3. Political and Legislative participation of women in Pakistan
4. Women’s Participation in Local Government System

Social and Economic Status of Women

1. Women’s role and status in Pakistan society
2. Education and reproductive health
3. Economic participation
4. Empowerment: social and economic

Women and Development

1. Welfare approach: 1947-1975
2. Women in development: 1975-1985
3. Gender and development: Since 1985

Institutional law and mechanisms

1. National Commission on Status of Women (NCSW)
2. Provincial Departments for Women’s Development

Women, Marriage and the Family

1. Child Marriage
2. Dowry
3. Wanni (Swara)
4. Honour killing (Karo-Kari)
5. Violence

 

Suggested Readings

1. Brenies, Ingeborg; Reardon, Bertty & Cierycz, Dorota (Ed.) (1999) 61

2. Chinn, L, Peggy (2004). Peace and Power: Creative Leadership for Building Community, Jones & Bartlett Publication
3. Elshtain, Jean & Tofias, Sheila (1990). Women, Militarism and War: Essays in
4. History, Politics and Society Theory, London: Rowman & Little fieldPublications
5. Gioseffi, Daniella (Ed.) (2003). Women on War: An International Anthology of Women’s Writings from Antiquity to the Present (2nd ed.). Feminist Press
6. Jones, Lynne (1983). Keeping the peace: women’s peace hand book 1.

7. Bakingham: Womne’s Press Ltd.

8. Mac Donald, Fiona (2003). Women in History: “Peace & War. Massachusetts: Children’s Education
9. Manchand, R. (Ed.) (2001). Women, War and Peace in South Asia. New Dehli, Sage Publications

10. Meintjes, Sheila; Turshen, Meredeth & Pillay, Ann (Ed.). (2002) The Aftermath: Women in Post Conflict Transformation. New Delhi: Zed Books
11. Old field, Sybil (1989). Women against the Iron first: Alternative to militarism, 1900-1989
12. Reardon, Betty (1985). Sexism and the War System, New York: St. Martin’s Press, Inc.
13. Ruddick, Sara (1989) Maternal Thinking: Toward a Politics of Peace. New

14. York: Beacon Publishers

 

PST-624

Issue of Pakistan Economy

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

 

The course has been designed to enable the students understand various dimension of Pakistan economy in the light of past experience. There are a number of important issues that need to be addressed at the time of evaluating the record of economic growth over the past 70 years.

Course Outline

1. Basic features of economy and infrastructure.

 

1. Development planning in Pakistan during the first, second and third five-year plans.

1. Pakistan’s development planning experience during the short term-planning period: 1970 – 77.

 

1. Development planning of Pakistan during the fifth, sixth and seventh five-year plans.

1. Obstacles in the way of economic development in Pakistan.

 

1. Factors promoting economic development in Pakistan

1. Human resource development

 

1. Agriculture development in Pakistan and reforms

1. Industrial development in Pakistan and labour trade unions

 

Preparedness

1. Disaster capacity building
2. Coordination among disaster management organizations
3. Organization of volunteers
4. National policy making
5. Re-construction activity relief
6. Rehabilitation activity

Suggested Readings

1. Scholr, C.H. The Mechanics of Earthquake and Faulting. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
2. Bolt, B.A. Earthquakes. New York: W.H Freeman and Co, 1993.
3. Birkeland, P.W, Soils and Geomorphology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1984.
4. Lomnitz, C. Fundamentals of Earthquake prediction New York. J. witey & sons, 1994.
5. Reiter, L. Earthquake Hazard analysis – Issues and Insight. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990.
6. Ward, S.N. A Multidisciplinary approach to seismic hazard in south California Seismical society . Bulketin 1994.
7. Fowler, C.M.R. The solid earth an introduction of global geophysics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
8. Nakata, T, Tsutsumi, H. Khan, S.H, and Lawrence R.D. Active faults of Pakistan: Map sheets and inventories. Hiroshima: Research Center forRegional Geography, 1991.
9. Davision, C. The Founders of Seismology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1927.
10. Hass, J.E., and D.S. Mileti. Socioeconomic Impact of Earthquake Prediction on Government, Business and Community. Boulder: Institute ofBehavioral Sciences, University of Colorado, 1976.
11. Yeats, R.S Living with Earthquakes in California A Survivor’s Guide. Gorvallis: Oregon state University Press, 2001.

 

PST-627

Geo-Politics of Pakistan

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

The objectives of this course are to enlighten students with the:

1. Basic knowledge of the South Asian region

Pakistan‘s relations with the neighboring countries under geo-political paradigm

1. Pakistan’s role in the contemporary world in the backdrop of its geopolitical significance.

Course Outline

Introduction

1. Geopolitics: definition, nature
2. Difference between political geography and geo-politics
3. Geopolitical structure of the World a. Core-points
1. Choke points
2. Buffer zones
4. Fundamental concepts of geopolitics

Geo-political setting of South Asia

Geo-political description of Pakistan

Pakistan’s strategic location and its impact on security issues

1. Geo-graphical, political, economic and psychological factors
2. Contours: pre cold war, post-cold war, since 9/11
3. Relations with neighboring countries(Contemporary issues)

Pakistan and World Affairs

1. The focus will only be on the contemporary issues

Suggested Readings

1. Agnew, John, Geo-Politics: Re-visioning World Politics (New York: Rutledge II, New Fetter Lane, 1998)
2. Ali, Mehrunnisa, Readings in Pakistan’s Foreign Policy (Karachi Oxford University Press, 2001)
3. Amin, Shahid M, Pakistan’s Foreign Policy (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2000).
4. Azam, Ikram, Pakistan’s Geo-Political and Strategic Compulsions (Lahore: Progressive Publishers n.d)
5. Bowman, Lavy W, Clark, Ian, The Indian Ocean in Global Politics (U.S: West view Press, 1981).
6. Booth, Ken, Baylis John, Contemporary Strategy (London: Cromhelm, 1975)
7. Burk, S. M., Pakistan’s Foreign Policy An Historical Analysis, 2nd Edition (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1990)
8. Choudhry, G. W, India Pakistan Bangladesh and the Major Powers: Politics of a Divided Sub-Continent (New York: The Free Press, Macmillan Publishing Co. 1975)
9. Chawala, S and Sardesai, D. R (ed) Changing Patterns of Security and Stability in Asia (New York: Praeger 1980)
10. Chank, Shaw, Edward, The New Cold War: Moscow US Peking ( Baltimore: Penguin, 1963).
11. Cohen, Saul B, Geography, and Politics in a Divided World (New York: Oxford University Press, 1973)
12. Dodds, Klus, Geo-Politics in a Changing World (Essex, England: Pearson Education, Ltd, 2000).
13. Dunbabin, J. P. D, The Cold War: The Great Powers and their Allies (New York: Longman Group, Ltd, 1994).
14. Durrani, Muhammad Ali, India and Pakistan: The Cost of Conflict and Benefit of Peace (Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2002)
15. Gaddies, John Lewis, Strategies of Containment: A Critical Appraisal of Post-War Wilson Center, 1997).
16. Glassner, Martin, IRA, Political Geography (Canada: John Wiley Sons, Inc, 1993)

 

PST-628

Structure and Functions of Social Institutions

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

To give detailed introduction about social institutions serving rural people in Pakistan.
To enable the students about the role of social institutions in delivering services to rural development and change.

Course Outline

Social Institutions Defined

1. Characteristics of Rural Social Institutions.
2. Types of Rural Social Institutions.
3. Elements of Social Institutions in Rural Development.

Social Environment and Rural Institutions.

Institutions and Instruments of Social Control.

Role of the Rural Family:

1. Its Structure, Functions and Types.

Rural Education institution;

1. Structure,
2. Functions and Issues and role of education institution in rural development

Rural Economic Institutions:

1. Structure,
2. Functions and Issues.

Rural Political Institutions:

1.  Structure and Functions.

Distribution of Power.

1. Types of Authority.
2. Functions of State.

Rural Recreational Institutions:

1. Structure and Functions.

Rural Religious and Social Welfare Institutions.

Suggested Readings

1. Chitambar, J. B. 1997. “Introductory Rural sociology” latest edition. New Age International (P) Limited Publisher, New Delhi
2. Kendall, L and Murray. 2007. Sociology in our Times, 4th Canadian Edition. Wadsworth
3. Khan, N. (2000) Rural Poverty Alleviation, National Book Foundation, Islamabad.
4. Shepherd, A. 2000 Sustainable Rural Development, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad.
5. Singh K. 2000. Rural Development; Principles, Policies and Management, New Delhi, Sage Publications.

 

PST-629

Pak-China Relations

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

 

The objectives of this course are:

1. To understand the importance of Pakistan’s relations with China.
2. To understand & analyze the foreign policy objectives of Pakistan as an independent sovereign state towards the region.
3. To know about the impact of CPEC on bilateral relations.

 

The geo-political and geo-strategic importance of Pakistan for China.
Various phases of Pak-China Relations: Strategies and Issues

1. 1947-1954: The formative phase.
2. 1954-1962: Pakistan’s policy of Alignment with the USA/West and its Implementations for the relationship with China.
3. 1962-1971: The Phase of bilateralism, the beginning of close/special relations with China.
4. 1971-1978: Pakistan’s Relations with China after the separation of East Pakistan.
5. 1978-1989: Pak-China Relations during the Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan.

1. 1989-2001: Pak-China Relations in the post-cold war period/era.
2. 2001-Todate: Pakistan china Relations after 9/11.
3. CPEC and its impact on bilateral relations.

 

Suggested Readings

 

1. Amin, Shahid, Pakistan’s Foreign Policy. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1999.
2. Pakistan’s Foreign Policy”, Vol. I&II, (Islamabad: Allama Iqbal Open University:1998.
3. Burke, S. M., & Ziring, Lawrence, Pakistan Foreign Policy: An Historical
4. Analysis (2nd  ed.), Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1990.
5. Ahmad, S. Salahudin, Foreign Policy of Pakistan.
6. Arif, K., Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: Indian Perspective. Lahore: Vanguard, 1984.
7. Barnds, W. J., India, Pakistan and the Great Powers. London: Pall Mall Press, 1969. Burke, S. M., Mainsprings of Indian and Pakistani Foreign Policies. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1975.
8. Bhutto, Z. A., The Myth of Independence. Karachi: Oxford University. Press, 1969.
9. Hasan, Masuma (ed.), Pakistan in a Changing World, Karachi: PIIA, 1978.
10. Hussain, Ijaz, Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: An International Law Perspective
11. London: Progressive Pub. 1988.
12. Hyder, Sajjad, Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Reflections of an Ambassador.

1. Lahore: Progressive Pub. 1987.

 

1. Hussain Mushahid, Pakistan and the Changing Regional Scenario Lahore: Progressive Pub. 1988.
2. Khan, M. Ayub, Friends Not Masters. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1967.
3. Shahi, Agha, Pakistan’s Security and Foreign Policy. Lahore: Progressive Pub. 1988.
4. Shah, Mehtab Ali, The Foreign Policy of Pakistan: Impact of Ethnicity on
5. Diplomacy: 1971-1994. London:I. B. Tauris, 1997.
6. Syed Anwar Hussain, China & Pakistan diplomacy of an extent cordiale. The university of Massachusetts Press Amlesst Oxford University Presss London Delhi.
7. Rais, Rasul Bux, China and Pakistan a political analysis of mutual relations, Sh. Zafar Mehdi at Fisco Press, Zaildar Park, Ichhra, Lahore 1977.

 

 

PST-630

Pakistan and SAARC Countries

Credit Hours-03

 

Course Objective

This course deals with the issue of regionalism, economic and political cooperation among the South Asian states with special focus on Pakistan’s role in SAARC.

Course Outline

SAARC: An Introduction

1. What is Regionalism and its significance
2. SAARC as a Regional Alliance
3. Brief History of SAARC
4. Objectives
5. Structure and Functions

Relations with SAARC members

1. India
2. Sri Lanka
3. Afghanistan
4. Nepal
5. Bhutan
6. Maldives
7. Bangladesh

Pakistan & SAARC.

1. Economic co-operation
2. South Asian Preferential Trade Agreement
3. Economic integration
4. Political co-operation
5. Political reconciliation
6. Foundation of regionalism
7. Social co-operation
8. Educational co-operation
9. Cultural co-operation

Suggested Readings

1. Anand, R. P, South Asia in Search of Regional Identity (New Delhi: Baryan 1991)
2. Asaf, K. M Pakistan and Regional Economic Cooperation in SAARC-ECO, (Islamabad: Institute of Regional Studies 1996)
3. Callard, Keith Pakistan’s foreign policy- An interpretation, (New York: Pall 1957)
4. Hagerdy, Devin. T South Asia in world politics, (Rawnan & little field)
5. Mishra, Pramood.K, South Asia in International politics, (Delhi: UDH , 1984.
6. Nerain, Virendra, B.C Uprepi SAARC, A study of perception and policies, (New Dehli: South Asia, 1991)
7. Sen, Gupta Bhabani South Asian perceptive: Seven Nations in Conflict and Cooperation, (New Delhi: Deep and Deep, 1988)
8. Singh, Janak Bahadur SAARC Growth and prospect, (1989)
9. Shreshta,B. P South Asia Economic perceptive, (Katmandu: Central Nepal and Asian Studies 1990)

 

PST-631

Environment Problems in Pakistan

Credit Hours-03

 

Course Objective

This course aims at providing knowledge about various environmental issues in multidimensional perspectives. It uses critical approach to global, regional and local environmental issues. The course provides review of the different environmental issues especially ecological and those related to conservation of resources and pollution.

Course Outline

Theory

1. Morphology of environment (history of organization of matter). Life (biosphere: A factor of rapid change in the environment).
2. Population balance in an ecosystem balance; Mechanisms interplaying in balance, consequences of imbalance, endangering and extinction of species.
3. Human population (main actor in environment): Human population explosion. Environmental and social impact of growing population and affluence. Population and development. Poverty.
4. Food production (crops and livestock): Land for cultivation and farming; food production, its distribution economics and politics; hunger, malnutrition and famine. Soil; irrigation, stalinization, desertification, losing soil / ground/ erosion.
5. Pest and pest controls (approach to harvest maximum food in ecosystem): Need and approach to pest control. Alternative pest control methods. Socio-economic pressure on pest management. Environmental policy in pest management.
6. Resources: Water, energy, minerals,          biological         resources         etc.
7. Management and mismanagement of resource.
8. g.   By-products of production systems (pollutants): Sewage pollution. Hazardous chemical pollution. Major atmospheric changes and air pollution. Solid wastes.
9. Life style: Urban sprawl, results of ex-urban migration, health in life style, disease.
10. Public understanding of Environmental Policy: Origin, economics and implementation of environmental public policy, cost benefit analysis, risk analysis, perception and management.
11. Major environmental issues in Pakistan
12. Ecological Issues: Soil Erosion. Deforestation. Issues related to irrigation system and natural hazards (droughts, floods, earthquakes and storms).
13. Issues related to conservation of habitual and biodiversity, major threats to biodiversity in Pakistan. Habitat destruction. Habitual fragmentation: Habitual degradation (including pollution). Over exploitation. Invasion of exotic species and increased spread of disease. Conservation strategy, conservation of forests; Wetlands and marine biomes. Conservation of species of special concern.
14. Pollution, Production and Resource: Issues related to water, air, soil, mineral and energy resources, industry and production, food and food production, priorities, storage and management issues; solutions.
15. Population Issues: Population of Pakistan over the period of time, population growth rate, population density and distribution, environment and social impact of growing population in Pakistan, addressing population problems.
16. Socio-economics Issues: Population and development. Agricultural and industrial development. Poverty and poverty alleviation, economic status, budget and priorities, loans, urbanization, NGOs, governmental economics policies and implementations.

Practical

 

Suggested Readings

1. Botkin, D. B. and Keller, E.A. Environmental Science: Earth as a living planet. 3rded. New York: John Willey and Sons Inc., 2000.
2. Nebel, B. J. and Wright, R. T. Environmental Science: The way the world works, 1sted. London: Prentice Hall International Inc. 1998.
3. Bradbury, I. K. The Biosphere. 2nd ed. UK: John Wile and Sons inc.1988.
4. Mckinny, M. L. and Schoch, R. M. Environmental Science: Systems and solutions, USA: Jones and Bartltt Publication Inc, 1998.
5. Emiliani, C. Planet Earth: Cosmology, Geology and the evolution of life and environment. 1973. 3rded. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1973.
6. Ahmed, R. Z. Pakistan- A Descriptive Atlas: A Comprehensive geo-politics course. 1sted. Lahore: Ferozsons, 2000.
7. Khan, F. K. A Geography of Pakistan Environment: Environment, people and economy. 1sted.. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
8. Hussain S. S. Pakistan Manual of Plant Ecology: a text book of plant ecology for degree students. Islamabad: National Book Foundation, 1992.
9. Daily news papers for current issues.

 

PST-632

Constitutional Development in Pakistan (1971-todate)

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

To equip students with the knowledge of constitutional development in Pakistan.

Course Outline

Bhutto Regime

1. Major policies
2. 1973 Constitution
3. Policies and the 1977 elections

Zia Regime

1. Imposition of Martial Law
2. Process of Islamization
3. MRD Movement
4. Constitutional changes, election, revival of 1973 the Constitution and restoration of civilian rule

Post-Zia Era

1. Party Politics and Democracy in Pakistan; Benazir as Prime Minister
2. 1990 Election and the aftermath
3. Nawaz Sharif as Prime Minister 1990-93
4. Caretaker Government and elections 1993 and Benazir’s return to power
5. Working and breakdown of parliamentary democracy in Pakistan
6. General Pervez Musharaf; policies and political development

 

Suggested Readings

1. Burki, Shahid Javed, A Revisionist History of Pakistan. Lahore: Vanguard, 1998.
2. Shafqat, Saeed. Political System of Pakistan and Public Policy, Lahore: Progressive Publisher, 1989.
3. Rizvi, Hasan Askari, Military and Politics in Pakistan 1947-1997. Lahore: Sang-e-Meel Publication, 2000.
4. Talbot, Ian. Pakistan Modern History. Lahore: Vanguard, 1999.
5. Ziring,  Lawrence.  Pakistan:  An  Enigma  of  Political  Development.
6. Islam, Fakhr-ul, Constitutional Development in Pakistan,Peshwar: Pakistan Study Centre, University of Peshawar 2008.
7. Folkestone, Kent: Dawson; Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1980.
8. Jalal,  Ayesha.  Democracy  and  Authoritarianism  in  South  Asia:  A
9. Comparative and Historical Perspective. Lahore: Sang-e-MeelPublications, 1995.
10. Sayeed, Khalid Bin. The Political System of Pakistan. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1967.
11. Bose, Sagata. and Ayesha Jalal. Modern South Asia; History, Culture, Political Economy, New Delhi: 2004.
12. Rizvi, Hasan Askari. Military State and Society in Pakistan. Lahore: 2002.
13. Waseem, Muhammad. Politics and State in Pakistan, Islamabad.
14. Afzal, M. Rafique. Political Parties in Pakistan. vol. III, Islamabad: NIHER, 1999.

 

PST-633

Institutions in Pakistan (Judiciary, Military and Bureaucracy)

Credit Hours-03

Course Objective

• To highlight the role and working of the ruling elite in maintaining the prevalent political, social and economic set up of the country.
• To examinesthe genesis, functioning and causes for the periodic breakdowns of the democratic process in Pakistan and phases of return to democracy.

Course Outline

Part – I (Bureaucracy)

a. Concepts of Bureaucracy; Historical background; Colonial heritage

1. Organization, characteristics, recruitments patterns, training and tradition, structure and working
2. Role of bureaucracy in the Political System of Pakistan in different phases

b.   Pattern of bureaucratic influences and intervention in the political system of Pakistan

Part – II (Military)

• The Military under the British- Indian administration: Its origin and role; civil, military relations; the recruitment policy
• Heritage in 1947: Reorganization and administrative problems
• Pakistan and its strategic environment, defense administration and evolution of the Army, Navy and Air force
• Military in Pakistan: Organizational growth in decades. Professional Ethos. Recruitment policy and training. Security imperatives and defense expenditure
• Military and National Development: Military’s assistance to civil administration particularly in October 8, 2005 disaster for promoting public welfare and development projects. Internal security and law and order
• Military in Politics: Causes
1. Its expansion and role – specialization
2. Specific circumstances leading to various military takeovers in Pakistan
• Military Regimes in Pakistan
1. an evaluation of their performance
2. transition form military to civilian rule

• Military’s Role and Influence after withdrawal form power
• Pakistan from 12th October, 1999 and afterwards. Sensing the future course. New tasks ahead. Options before the new set-up/ tough decisions ahead. Accountability and the revival of Pakistan’s economy.

 

1. Future directions and the role of Military

 

Part – III (Judiciary)

1. The structure and functions of the judiciary
2. Key concepts: Judicial independence, Juridical review
3. Key issues with respect to the judiciary

Suggested Readings

1. Cheema, Pervaiz Iqbal. The Armed Forces of Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2003.
2. Ahmad, Emajuddin, Bureaucratic Elite in Segmented Economic Growth: Bangladesh and Pakistan, Dacca: The University Press Ltd., 1980.
3. Ahmad, Muneer, The Civil Servant in Pakistan: A Study of Background and Attitudes of the Public Servants in Lahore, Karachi, Oxford UniversityPress, 1964.
4. Ahmad, Mushtaq, Government and Politics in Pakistan, Karachi.
5. Hussain Asif, Elite Politics in an Ideological State: The case of Pakistan. Folkstone,1979.
6. Aziz , K.K. Party Politics in Pakistan, Islamabad, 1976.
7. Bill and Hardgrave: Comparative Politics: The quest for theory, Ohio Charles E. Merill Co.1973.
8. Binder, Leonard, Religion and Politics in Pakistan, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1961.
9. Burki, Shahid Javed, State and Society in Pakistan, 1971-77, London and Basingstoke: The Macmillan Press Ltd., 1980.
10. Callard, Keith B., Political Forces in Pakistan, 1947-59, New York: Institute of Pacific Relations, 1959.
11. Choudhury, G.W. The Constitutional Development in Pakistan, London: Longman, 1969.
12. Cohen, Stephen P., The Pakistan Army, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.
13. Feldman,  Herbert,  Revolution  in  Pakistan:  A  Study  of  the  MartialAdministration, London: Oxford University Press, 1967.
14. Gardezi, Hassan and Jamil Rashid, eds., Pakistan: The Unstable State,
15. Lahore: Vanguard Books Ltd., 1983.
16. Hussain, Asaf, Elite Politics in an Ideological State: The Case of Pakistan, London: Dawson, 1979.
17. Haq, Mahbub ul., The Poverty Curtain: Choices for the Third World, New York: Columbia University Press, 1976.
18. Jennings, Ivor, Constitutional Problems in Pakistan, London: Oxford University Press, 1957.
19. Khan, Fazal Muqeem, Pakistan's Crisis in Leadership, 2nd ed. Islamabad: National Book Foundation, 1973.
20. Kochanek, Stanley A. Interest Groups and Development: Business andPolitics in Pakistan, Karachi: Oxford, University Press, 1983.
21. Korson, Henry, ed., Contemporary Problems of Pakistan Leiden, 1974.
22. La Porte, Jr., Robert, Power and Privilege: Influence and Decision Making in Pakistan, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975.
23. Rizvi, Hassan Askari, The Military and Politics in Pakistan, Lahore: Progressive Publishers, 1986.
24. Sayeed, Khalid Bin, The Political System of Pakistan, New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1967.
25. Ziring, Lawrence: The Ayub Khan Era, Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1971.

 

PST-634

Pakistan Relations with the Muslim World

Credit Hours-03

 

Course Objective

The course intends to inculcate among the students:

• The significance of the Muslim World for Pakistan as Pakistan derived its strength from Islam.

• To acquaint them that being an ideological state, it has been a core objective of Pakistan’s foreign policy to developed close relation with Islamic countries.

• To give awareness about the similarity of culture and civilization that brings Muslim countries closer to each other.

Course Outline

Pakistan and the Muslim world 1947-1953

• Pakistan an ideological state
• Pakistan relations with the Arab world
• Pakistan relations with non-Arab countries: Afghanistan, Iran and Turkey
• Kashmir issue
• Pakistan’s support for the Muslim cause in the UNO

Pakistan’s alliance with the west: responses of the Muslim world 1954-1971

• Arab’s anger on Pakistan’s alignment
• Muslim world responses on 1965 and 1971 wars
• Formation of RCD
• Formation of OIC

Pakistan’s renewed relations with Islamic countries 1972-1988

• Pakistan inclination towards the Muslim world
• OIC submit at Lahore
• Pakistan’s economic ties with the Middle East
• Political use of Islam during Soviet-Afghan 1979-1988

Pakistan’s search for friends 1989-2001

• Ramification of Pakistan’s involvement in Afghanistan
• Central Asian Muslim States
• Islamic bomb

Pakistan and Islamic countries in the war on terror

• Muslim extremism verses terrorism
• Pakistan relations with the Muslim world needs reappraisal

Suggested Readings

• Reasserting International Islam, Saad S. Khan, Oxford University Press, 2001.

• The Clash of Civilization and the Remaking of the World Order, Samuel P. Huntington, New York: Simon & Schuster Paperbacks, 2007.
• The Islamic World and the West: An Introduction to Political Cultures and International Relations, Kai Hafez (ed.), translated from the German by Mary Ann Kenny, 2000.
• Pakistan’s Quagmire, Usama Butt, N. Elahi (ed.), New York: The Continuum International Publishing Group, 2010.
• Re-emerging Muslim World, Zahid Malik, Pakistan National Centre, 1974